A Digitally Controlled 2.2 kw single phase motor south africa.
Today's air conditioner applications demand a one-chip solution that simultaneously controls power-factor-correction (PFC) frond-end and two permanent magnetic (PM) motor sensorless drives, by using a single digital control IC. However, digital control has fundamental limitations that make most of conventional digital PFC control approaches unpractical. Implementation and integration of PFC control into digital ICs have been a quite challenge. International Rectifier recently introduced a new digital control IC that is based on the hardware computation engine called motion control engine (MCE). Unique advanced digital PFC control algorithms have been developed, and it becomes practical to integrate digital PFC with 2.2 kw single phase motor south africa into a single digital IC. Based the new control IC, a 4-kW air conditioner outdoor unit which uses a bridgeless PFC frond-end has been designed, built and tested. This paper analyzes the fundamental limitations of conventional digital PFC control, presents the design and implementation of the 4-kW unit.
Three-phase induction motors could be operated by single phase supply replacing single-phase motors.The Y-connection three-winding single-phase induction motor is provided,in which one winding has a series connection with a capacitor connects to another winding in parallel and the two windings connect to the third winding in series.Based on the equivalent current method,the operation performance of the motor is studied and the symmetrical operation condition is set up.The influence of capacitor on the performance is analyzed and the optimization method based on the most output torque with rated load is put forward.Experimental researches are carried out on a 2.2 kw single phase motor south africa,and it is proved that the efficiency of the Y-connection three-winding single-phase induction motor could be improved by suitable capacitor and the motor has higher power factor and almost the same efficiency in comparison with the three-phase induction motor with three-phase supply.
The Smith connection that enables perfect phase balance to be achieved in a three-phase induction motor when operating on a single-phase supply. The Smith connection is essentially an asymmetrical connection, but by suitable choice of terminal capacitances, balanced currents can be injected into the motor winding for a given speed and load. A single-phase induction motor drive with three-phase machine efficiency is thus possible. `Inspection' equations are established and solved using the method of symmetrical components to give the motor performance. Using a phasor diagram approach, the values of the capacitances to give perfect phase balance and the resulting line power factor can be computed.
To reduce Joule loss and improve efficiency, by generating complex torque due to a magnet rotor and a magnetic substance rotor, and by arranging the torque due to the magnetic substance rotor at the peak when the torque due to the magnet rotor is zero. A rotary shaft 1 is supported by bearings 1a, 1b to be freely rotated, and is fitted on a cylindrical supporting unit 3 set in a main unit 2. A fixed armature 4 is press-fixed to the cylindrical supporting unit 3, and the unit 3 is formed with salient poles 5a-6d and armature coils 7a-7d. And a magnet rotor 8 is formed with magnetic poles at the opening angle of 90 deg. and is fixed inside a cup-formed soft iron rotor 9. And inside the rotor 9, the outside of a ring-formed magnetic substance rotor 10 forming salient poles 10a-10d inside is fixed. And the position of the magnet rotor 8 is detected by a hole IC11.
In this paper the authors investigate the effect of source stabilization on the energy consumption and harmonic distortion of a single-phase induction motor pump configuration for a swimming pool in South Africa. The design of the source stabilization system together with the power dissipation at different cut-off frequencies is provided. Results on the energy consumption and harmonic distortion for the following two scenarios are provided: normal operating condition and improved operating condition (where the source stabilization system has been activated).
Using electromagnetic design combined with finite element analysis method, to design and analyse electromagnetically a line-start single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor of 2.2 kw single phase motor south africa. By using electromagnetic field finite element analysis software Ansoft/Maxwell 2D simulate static and dynamic performance of the motor. Each performance index is obtained by simulation and test is within a certain range of error, verify the validity of the model simulation and analysis.
The effect of source stabilisation on the energy consumption and harmonic distortion of a single-phase induction motor-pump configuration for a swimming pool in South Africa. In this project, a single-phase induction motor pump was used to circulate water in a swimming pool. The pump is supplied with a single-phase voltage source with external noise, causing the efficiency of the induction motor pump to be lower than required. A source stabilisation system was built to improve the quality (i.e. lower the harmonic component) of the input signal and improve the efficiency of the induction motor pump.
A three-phase, medium-power standard AC motor can be operated from a single-phase, highly-distorted and unregulated AC source by the use of a diode bridge rectifier/boost chopper/inverter cascade. The integration of a boost chopper unit employing an inductor made of amorphous metal (Metglas) into the system results in unity power factor at the AC supply side, low harmonic content line currents and high efficiencies and power densities. Laboratory and field test results have shown that this system constitutes a reliable, cost-competitive and almost maintenance-free alternative to other drive options, especially for auxiliary systems in electric locomotives where squirrel-cage induction motors are chosen as auxiliary driving machines.
Possible strategies for mitigating Vietnam's GHG emissions. Particular attention is paid to the potential for and obstacles to scaling up renewable technologies; improving energy efficiency; and implementing mitigation measures in non-energy sectors, especially industrial processes agricultural production and forestry. The study goes on to examine needs for and challenges to addressing anticipated impacts of climate change. Finally, the paper assesses opportunities for cooperation with neighbouring countries in the Mekong region as a means for Vietnam to strengthen its climate change response and provide leadership to others in the Mekong region.
PEM electrolysis is a viable alternative for generation of hydrogen from renewable energy sources. Several possible applications are discussed, including grid independent and grid assisted hydrogen generation, use of an electrolyzer for peak shaving, and integrated systems both grid connected and grid independent where electrolytically generated hydrogen is stored and then via fuel cell converted back to electricity when needed. Specific issues regarding the use of PEM electrolyzer in the renewable energy systems are addressed, such as sizing of electrolyzer, intermittent operation, output pressure, oxygen generation, water consumption and efficiency.
Suedafrika ist ein industrielles Schwellenland und kaempft mit grossen Problemen bei der finanziellen Bewaeltigung der Kosten des Gesundheitswesens. Der Einsatz eines einmotorigen Pilatus-PC-12-Ambulanzflugzeuges aus Schweizer Produktion dient dabei einer kostenguenstigen Loesung des Transportproblems von Kranken und Verletzten im suedlichen Afrika. Um dies zu untermauern, untersuchten wir die Kosten dessen Einsatzes und stellen erste Ergebnisse vor. Damit soll ein Beitrag auf dem Gebiet der luftgestuetzten Rettungsmedizin geleistet werden. (A) ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH: South Africa, as a developing country, faces unique health care challenges. The delivery of an efficient yet cost effective Aero-Medical Service using a single engine Pilatus PC 12 aircraft is in the forefront in attempting to address some of these challenges. To quantify the true cost this first analysis has been commissioned. It is hoped that the results of this study will firmly entrench the role of Aero-Medicine in the South African Emergency Medical Care environment.
According to du Plessis et al.,the history of protectionism in trade goes almost asfar back as that of trade itself. There are various arguments for the numerous benefits, whichcan be gained from free trade such as, efficiency and welfare gains. But, despite thesebenefits, governments have had counter arguments as to why protectionism is justified.Examples of these traditional arguments for protection are, the infant industry argument, theterms of trade argument, protection to increase employment in an industry, a tariff to offsetforeign dumping and a tariff to improve the balance of payments. All of these argumentshave important gains for the protected economy but could be considered beggar-thyneighbourpolicies since they are at the expense of the unprotected economy. Various trade instruments are used by governments to intervene in its countries tradingactivities. These trade instruments are categorised into, tariff, non-tariff barriers and exporttaxes and subsidies. Both tariff and non-tariff barriers are used to interfere on the import sideof trade.
Historically, the growth and development of the motor car industry in South Africa has been shaped by both spontaneous forces and deliberate policy. Within 12 years of the development of Carl Benz's tri-car , and even before the motor industry was firmly established in Britain and the United States, the first motor car was imported into the South African Republic . Further imports followed after the end of the Anglo-Boer War, but the difficulties of early motoring essentially those of poor roads and farmgates combined with public resistance to make the motor car's role in the sub-continent a hesitant one. Thus during the early years of the twentieth century, South Africa's motor car imports inched forward at a time when world motor car production rose dramatically from a mere 8 400 units in 1900 to 245 000 units , of which almost three-quarters was produced by the United States.
The capability improvement of the 1/4 HP compressor. And, for efficiency improvement of the single phase induction motor, this paper has proposed a casting method to improving the fill factor of the rotor of the single phase induction motor. First, by using FEM, it was analyzed the magnetic flux distribution and the fill factor to the SPIM rotor by the conventional method and the proposed method. And, based on the FEM analysis results, SPIMs are manufactured by the each casting process. Through experiments using dynamometer, they were compared and measured to their efficiencies. In addition, through experiments using Calorimeter, we have analyzed the refrigerating capacity of the compressor of which they were applied. Based on the results of the previous two experiments, they are to verify the validity of the proposed method.
For driving small mechanisms with power to 2.2 kw single phase motor south africa usually uses electrical induction motors supplied by 1 phase distribution network. For correct function it needs rotating circular or ellipsis magnetic field inside of motor. Field can be generated by various way, by auxiliary poles, auxiliary run up devices or auxiliary winding. For auxiliary winding they use capacitor for generating delayed waveform of power source needed for rotating field generation. Rotating speed can be controlled by frequency converter. In article are presented experimentally obtained speed-torque characteristics.
A novel speed-sensorless vector control strategy with single phase current sensor for induction motor (IM) drives. The speed steady state-based current compensation method is proposed to correct the estimated current in unmeasurable phase. The IM can be started and operate stably with single phase current sensor using the proposed approach. Compared with the conventional methods, improved dynamic performance can be achieved. The proposed approach is verified in an ARM-based 2.2 kw single phase motor south africa experimental platform.
A three-phase, medium-power standard AC motor can be operated from a single-phase, highly-distorted and unregulated AC source by the use of a diode bridge rectifier/boost chopper/inverter cascade. The integration of a boost chopper unit employing an inductor made of amorphous metal (Metglas) into the system results in unity power factor at the AC supply side, low harmonic content line currents and high efficiencies and power densities. Laboratory and field test results have shown that this system constitutes a reliable, cost-competitive and almost maintenance-free alternative to other drive options, especially for auxiliary systems in electric locomotives where squirrel-cage induction motors are chosen as auxiliary driving machines.
Power factor correction is common in commercial and industrial applications. A need to extend its application is gaining momentum and with the dwindling natural resources used in power generation and demand exceeding supply more efficient motor systems and power usage are at the forefront of Eskom's Demand Side Management system. Globally it is estimated that 40% of energy consumption is used by motors and South Africa is closer to 60%. From the statistics there are more than 800,000 swimming pools in South Africa, this swimming pools are run by small fractional horse power single phase motors. The associated problems with induction motors are low efficiency and poor power factor especially lower rated motors. The aim of the project was to design a power factor correction system and implement it on a single phase induction motor for application is a residential application. The energy usage of the motor without power factor was recorded and compared with energy of a single phase with power factor correction.
Capital investment is the lifeblood of industry - without investors willing to finance manufacturing capacity, South Africa would not have a motor sector. As a key element in South Africa's economic history, however, research into patterns of investment across and within specific sectors has been woefully neglected. This paper explores the history of investment and disinvestment in the South African motor industry over the last 70 years.
Historically, the growth and development of the motor car industry in South Africa has been shaped by both spontaneous forces and deliberate policy. Within 12 years of the development of Carl Benz's tri-car, and even before the motor industry was firmly established in Britain and the United States, the first motor car was imported into the South African Republic in January 1897. Further imports followed after the end of the Anglo-Boer War, but the difficulties of early motoring essentially those of poor roads and farmgates combined with public resistance to make the motor car's role in the sub-continent a hesitant one. Thus during the early years of the twentieth century, South Africa's motor car imports inched forward at a time when world motor car production rose dramatically from a mere 8 400 units in 1900 to 245 000 units, of which almost three-quarters was produced by the United States.
A local content programme for the industry involved in the assembly and manufacture of motor cars was introduced in South Africa in 1961. The local content programme is a form of local content protection policy, which has been defined as "a set of regulations that prescribe the percentage of input, in terms of mass or value, of a given industrial output that must be obtained from local sources or that must be of domestic origin".
The application of international induction machine efficiency testing standards in South Africa (SA). Motorized systems in SA account for up to 60% of the total electricity consumption. Recent power crisis in SA has accelerated the need for motor efficiency optimization. The applications of minimum energy performance standards (MEPS) to increase motor efficiency have become the norm around the world. Most electric motors in South Africa are still being rewound, with no consideration for the potential loss of efficiency and the most-likely increase in energy consumption. The status of motor rewinds is not good. Efficiency testing is underway at the University of Cape Town Machine Laboratory (UCTML) to investigate the impact of rewinding on motor efficiency in SA. As one of a very few testing labs, the power quality and instrumentation accuracy limits required in the standards were difficult to achieve. The result of this was errors and poor repeatability in testing. An alternative MG-set was used to create a supply that conforms to the standards.
Pitting is the preparation of a planting position. Various methods of pitting exist and range from manual pitting to fully-mechanised operations. Until recently, most pit preparation in South Africa was carried out manually using hand-held pitting implements (agricultural hoe, mattock, road pick) to create a 25 cm wide pit containing friable soil to a depth of 15–25 cm. However, there are several negative factors associated with manual pit preparation, such as poor ergonomics, intensive labour requirements, and inconsistent pit preparation. This has resulted in an increasing interest in semi- to fully-mechanised operations, where semi-mechanised motor-manual pitting methods are often considered more efficient and cost-effective than traditional manual operations. This study compared the performance of eucalypts planted into pits created by various pitting methods. Two trials were established with eucalypts on contrasting sites, one at Greenhill in the KwaZulu-Natal Midlands and one at Vroegeveld, Mpumalanga.
The feasibility of the application of F-D power supply set to the air conditioners for deluxeelectrically driven trains to be developed in the future is discussed. Measures for carrying out this projectare suggested;and the method for calculating the starting and operating capacitance of the single-phasecapacitance motor ls studied with emphasis,It is shown that the calculated results agree well with practice.
Disclosed is a single-phase motor including a stator, a rotor adapted to rotate when electric power is applied to the stator, a ring-shaped magnet coupled to the rotor to rotate along with the rotor; a parking magnet for stopping the rotor within an effective torque generating region by a magnetic force effected between the ring-shaped magnet and the parking magnet upon braking the rotor, and a sensor unit for sensing a variation in the intensity of a magnetic field generated around the ring-shaped magnet during the rotation of the rotor, thereby sensing the position and speed of the rotor. In accordance with this configuration, the additional device used for an initial driving operation and subsequent operations of the motor can be relatively simple and inexpensive. As a result, there is an advantage in that the motor has an enhanced utility.
